Posted By Phoebe on July 13, 2010
Well, what do you think? From wikipedia I got this definition of capitalism:
Capitalism is an economic system in which the means of production are privately owned; supply, demand, price, distribution, and investments are determined mainly by private decisions in the free market, rather than through a planned economy; and profit is distributed to owners who invest in businesses. Capitalism also refers to the process of capital accumulation. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism
Let’s look at some scriptures:
Matthew 20:1-15, NKJV: “For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire laborers for his vineyard. Now when he had agreed with the laborers for a denarius a day, he sent them into his vineyard. And he went out about the third hour and saw others standing idle in the marketplace, and said to them, “You also go into the vineyard, and whatever is right I will give you.” So they went. Again he went out about the sixth and the ninth hour, and did likewise. And about the eleventh hour he went out and found others standing idle, and said to them, “Why have you been standing here idle all day?” They said to him, “Because no one hired us.” He said to them, “You also go into the vineyard, and whatever is right you will receive.” So when evening had come, the owner of the vineyard said to his steward, “Call the laborers and give them their wages, beginning with the last to the first.” And when those came who were hired about the eleventh hour, they each received a denarius. But when the first came they supposed that they would receive more and they likewise received each a denarius. And when they had received it, they complained against the landowner, saying, “These last men have worked only one hour, and you made them equal to us who have borne the burden and the heat of the day.” But he answered one of them and said, “Friend, I am doing you no wrong. “Did you not agree with me for a denarius? Take what is yours and go your way. I wish to give to this last man the same as to you. Is it not lawful for me to do what I wish with my own things? Or is your eye evil because I am good? So, the last will be first, and the first last, “For many are called, but few chosen.”
Now, without taking into account the spiritual meaning of this passage, let’s look at just the parts which indicate a form of economic system. There was a landowner. This landowner was not regulated apparently by any government to pay an equitable wage based on number of hours. The passage stated this landowner had the right to pay whatever he wished since the money and the land were his to distribute as he wished.
Now, let’s look at another parable in the bible, Matthew 25:14-30, NKJV
“For the kindom of heaven is like a man traveling to a far country, who called his own servants and delivered his goods to them. And to one he gave five talents, to another two, and to another one, to each according to his own ability; and immediately he went on a journey. Then he who had received the five talents went and traded with them, and made another five talents. And likewise he who had received two gained two more also. But he who had received one went and dug in the ground, and hid his lord’s money. After a long time the lord of those servants came and settled acounts with them.
“So he who had received five talents came and brought five other talents, saying, “Lord, you delivered to me five talents; look, I have gained five more talents besides them.” His lord said to him, “Well done, good and faithful servant; you were faithful over a few things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.” He also who had received two talents came and said, “Lord, you delivered to me two talents, look, I have gained two more talents besides them.” His lord said to him, “Well done, good and faithful servant; you have been faithful over a few things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.”
“Then he who had received the one talent came and said, “Lord, I knew you to be a hard man, reaping where you have not sown, and gathering where you have not scattered seed. And I was afraid, and went and hid your talent in the ground. Look, there you have what is yours.”
“But his lord answered and said to him, “you wicked and lazy servant, you knew that I reap where I have not sown, and gather where I have not scattered seed. So you ought to have deposited my money with the bankers, and at my comining I would have recieved back my own with interest. So take the talent from him, and give it to him who has ten talents.
“For to everyone who has, more will be given, and he will have abundance; but from him who does not have, even what he has will be taken away. And cast the unprofitable servant into the outer darkness. There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”
Again, we will ignore the spiritual aspect of this parable and only examine the economic system. A man had servants. We don’t know if they were paid or not. We only know that the servants were given money to invest for the man while he was away traveling. The man who journeyed obviously expected a return on his investment. The first two were wise and each doubled the money which was entrusted to them to manage. The last did nothing with the money except to bury it in the ground to return to the man upon his return. The first two servants knew how to invest and double the investment. Apparently there was an economic system which allowed free enterprise and investment as the servants saw fit. The first two servants took advantage of this system and turned a profit for their master. The third servant, who had this free market enterprise system available to him, chose not to use it. Rather he buried the money, not even depositing it in a bank where it could earn interest. The first two servants were rewarded by being made rulers over other things, presumably other business ventures for the master. This very much matches the definition of capitalism given in Wikipedia.
Now, let’s look at some verses from the Proverbs. The Proverbs are a Hebrew form of poetry in which dual statements are juxtaposed to compare and contrast opposites or to reiterate something made in the first statement.
Proverbs 10:4 NKJV, “He who has a slack hand becomes poor, but the hand of the diligent makes rich.”
Proverbs 12:24 NKJV, “The hand of the diligent will rule, but the lazy man will be put to forced labor.”
Proverbs 13:4 NKJV, “The soul of a lazy man desires, and has nothing, but the soul of the diligent shall be made rich.”
Proverbs 16:26 NKJV, “The person who labors, labors for himself, for his hungry mouth drives him on.”
Proverbs 22:29, NKJV, “Do you see a man who excels in his work? He will stand before kings; he will not stand before unknown men.”
Proverbs 28:19, NKJV, “He who tills his land will have plenty of bread, but he who follows frivolity will have poverty enough.”
Look at the woman described in Proverbs 31:13-31, NKJV
“She seeks wool and flax, and willingly works with her hands. She is like the merchant ships, she brings her food from afar. She also rises while it is yet night, and provides food for her household, and a portion for her maidservants. She considers a field and buys it; from her profits she plants a vineyard. She girds herself with strength, and strengthens her arms. She perceives that her merchandise is good, and her lamp does not go out by night. She stretches out her hands to the distaff, and her hand holds the spindle. She extends her hand to the poor, yes, she reaches out her hands to the needy. She is not afraid of snow for her household, for all her household is clothed with scarlet. She makes tapestry for herself; her clothing is fine linen and purple. Her husband is known in the gates, when he sits among the elders of the land. She makes linen garments and sells them, and supplies sashes for the merchants. Strength and honor are her clothing; she shall rejoice in time to come. She opens her mouth with wisdom, and on her tongue is the law of kindness. She watches over the ways of her household, and does not eat the bread of idleness. Her children rise up and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praises her: “Many daughters have done well, but you excel them all.” Charm is deceitful and beauty is passing, but a woman who fears the Lord, she shall be praised. Give her of the fruit of her hands, and let her own works praise her in the gates.”
This woman was empowered to profit in business. You see her making clothing and selling it. You see her considering a field and buying it. You see her tending to the needs of her household. This was not a welfare mother. She worked hard with her hands. She stayed up late at night and got up early again in the morning working to provide for her household. You don’t get the idea from this magnificent example of womanhood any sense of entitlement or self pity. She wasn’t looking for a government handout. She took charge of her household and ran it wisely.
Look at the other verses in Proverbs. Notice that each man is responsible for his own outcomes. If he works, he is rewarded. If he is lazy he ends up in poverty. Proverbs 28:19 addresses the party boy or girl or the person who spends their day in “fun” pursuits: ”…he who follows frivolity will have poverty enough.”
We will look at one last example from scripture, this one taken from the New Testament, 2 Thessalonians 3:6-12, NKJV: “But we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you withdraw from every brother who walks disorderly and not according to the tradition which he received from us. For you yourselves know how you ought to follow us, for we were not disorderly among you; nor did we eat anyone’s bread free of charge, but worked with labor and toil night and day, that we might not be a burden to any of you, not because we do not have authority, but to make ourselves an example of how you should follow us. For even when we were with you, we commanded you this; “If anyone will not work, neither shall he eat.” For we hear that there are some who walk among you in a disorderly manner, not working at all, but are busybodies. Now those who are such we command and exhort through our Lord Jesus Christ that they work in quietness and eat their own bread.”
Notice that if a man did not work, he was not to be given food by the others who did work. He was to go hungry. Notice Proverbs 16:26 above, a hungry man’s mouth drives him to work.
Now, let’s look at socialism. The following is from Wikipedia.
“Economically, socialism denotes an economic system of either state ownership and/or worker ownership and administration of the means of production, and management over the allocation of producer goods and the means of production. Public or worker ownership can refer to nationalisation, municipalisation, the establishment of cooperative enterprises or in some cases direct-worker ownership. The fundamental feature of a socialist economy is that publicly owned, state or worker-run institutions produce goods and services in at least the commanding heights of the economy.
“An economic goal of socialism is to more effectively satisfy demand by producing utility directly without being burdened by private property relations in the means of production and the need to generate profit, which socialists generally view as being remnants of a defunct mode of production and an impediment to contemporary productive capabilities.
“Various differing definitions of what constitutes a socialist economy exist, from those that define it as an entirely post-market and moneyless economy, to those that simply define it as publicly-owned and cooperative enterprises in a mixed-market or free-market economy.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism
You see here that no one is rewarded for individual effort. There is no private ownership of lands or monies. This system assumes that all people are equally talented, or at least that they will be educated in such a way as to feed this system.
I see numerous problems with this economic model which ignores completely the human condition, namely the human’s need to be motivated to labor for his own personal reward. Look again at Proverbs 16:26, “The person who labors, labors for himself, for his hungry mouth drives him on.” This is why the socialist model really doesn’t work in any country where it’s ever been tried. Men labor for the collective and it doesn’t matter if they are lazy or work hard because all the money goes into one pot and everyone collects somewhat the same thing no matter if they work hard or hardly work at all.
Any of us who are in the workplace, know how resentful we are of those who come in late, and who don’t pick up their share of the work. At least in the capitalist system, these slackers are likely to at some time be called into account for their actions. Hard work, for the most part, is rewarded in the capitalist model. Because it is rewarded and because we have the means to go into business for ourselves if we don’t like how we are compensated when working for someone else, we are motivated to work harder because we get the profits (or if we are not so good, we might get the losses, it is a risk after all). But, you get the picture. Socialism fails because it steals from those who do work and gives to those who don’t.
Human nature is, by definition in the bible, depraved. See my previous articles entitled “Tyranny, the Role of Depravity and the US Constitution, Parts 1, 2, and 3.” The human soul will not be motivated to work when he or she is not rewarded with the fruits of their own labor and if they are not made to be hungry if they do not work. This is also why the welfare system in the US is ineffective. It seems generous and compassionate, but it actually does society a disservice by enabling those who will not work to steal from those who do.
And lastly, the concept of stealing ushers in an ethical component. Are both systems equally guilty? The bible states it is wrong to steal (Exodus 20:15). We are being told through major news media how evil capitalism is because corporations “steal” from the workers. Socialism is touted as superior by some sources because it is more “fair and more compassionate.” Really? Is this what the bible teaches? In fact, it is not what the bible teaches. You see from the first parable above, Matthew 20:1-15, that the workers contracted with the landowner for an amount of money. It was not unfair for him to contract with the other workers who worked less time for the same amount of money because the money was the landowner’s to do with as he wished. He did not steal from these workers because they were paid according to the contract to which they had agreed. I have worked for a Fortune 500 company. I agreed to work for them for an amount of money. They paid me this amount. The company profited and they divvied out their profits in a manner in which they saw fit. Is this stealing? No, it is not. They paid me what they said they would pay me. Nothing was promised me by way of the profits made by the company.
Now, consider the case of Enron. Did the Enron management steal from their employees? Yes, they most certainly did. They stole their employees’ retirement accounts. Are there unethical people who steal people’s money? Yes, there are, however, this is not going to be remedied by a socialist system because unethical people are within that system as well. There are unethical people everywhere, in every system. A “system” will not weed them out.
Does socialism steal? Yes, it does, and that was explained above in the discussion on socialism. It steals from people who work and gives it to people who do not work. It steals labor, profits, and honor. It steals labor by rewarding those who do not labor. It steals profits because profits are distributed equally among those who do and do not work. Lastly it steals honor, because a person is not rewarded according to the excellency of his or her own work.
Can an argument by made for capitalism in the bible? Yes, I believe it can.
“Scripture taken from the New King James Version. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved.”
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